class GCounter:
    """Grow-only counter CRDT."""

    def __init__(self, node_id: str):
        self.node_id = node_id
        self.counts: dict[str, int] = {}

    def increment(self, amount: int = 1) -> None:
        current = self.counts.get(self.node_id, 0)
        self.counts[self.node_id] = current + amount

    def value(self) -> int:
        return sum(self.counts.values())

    def merge(self, other: "GCounter") -> None:
        for node_id, count in other.counts.items():
            self.counts[node_id] = max(
                self.counts.get(node_id, 0),
                count
            )

import * as Automerge from '@automerge/automerge'

// Create a document
let doc = Automerge.init()
doc = Automerge.change(doc, d => {
  d.tasks = []
  d.tasks.push({ title: "Learn CRDTs", done: false })
})

// Concurrent changes merge automatically
let doc1 = Automerge.change(doc, d => {
  d.tasks[0].done = true
})

let doc2 = Automerge.change(doc, d => {
  d.tasks.push({ title: "Build app", done: false })
})

// Merge produces correct result
let merged = Automerge.merge(doc1, doc2)
// merged.tasks = [
//   { title: "Learn CRDTs", done: true },
//   { title: "Build app", done: false }
// ]

import * as Y from 'yjs'
import { WebsocketProvider } from 'y-websocket'

const ydoc = new Y.Doc()

// Shared types
const ytext = ydoc.getText('editor')
const yarray = ydoc.getArray('items')
const ymap = ydoc.getMap('state')

// Connect to sync server
const provider = new WebsocketProvider(
  'wss://sync.example.com',
  'room-id',
  ydoc
)

// Local changes sync automatically
ytext.insert(0, 'Hello, ')
ytext.insert(7, 'world!')

use loro::LoroDoc;

let doc = LoroDoc::new();
let text = doc.get_text("content");

// Rich text with formatting
text.insert(0, "Hello");
text.mark(0..5, "bold", true);

import { electrify } from 'electric-sql/browser'
import { schema } from './generated/client'

const electric = await electrify(db, schema)

// Sync specific tables
await electric.sync({
  include: {
    notes: true,
    tags: true
  }
})

// Use like normal SQLite
await db.notes.create({
  data: { title: 'Meeting notes', content: '...' }
})

import { PowerSyncDatabase } from '@powersync/web'

const db = new PowerSyncDatabase({
  schema: appSchema,
  database: { dbFilename: 'app.db' }
})

await db.connect(connector)

// Queries work offline
const notes = await db.getAll('SELECT * FROM notes WHERE archived = 0')

class SyncProtocol:
    """Basic sync protocol for local-first apps."""

    def __init__(self, local_store, remote_endpoint):
        self.local = local_store
        self.remote = remote_endpoint
        self.vector_clock = {}

    async def sync(self):
        # 1. Get local changes since last sync
        local_changes = self.local.changes_since(self.vector_clock)

        # 2. Send to server, receive remote changes
        remote_changes = await self.remote.exchange(
            local_changes,
            self.vector_clock
        )

        # 3. Merge remote changes into local state
        for change in remote_changes:
            self.local.apply(change)

        # 4. Update vector clock
        self.vector_clock = self.local.current_clock()

type ConnectionState =
  | { status: 'online'; latency: number }
  | { status: 'offline' }
  | { status: 'syncing'; progress: number }
  | { status: 'error'; message: string }

function ConnectionIndicator({ state }: { state: ConnectionState }) {
  switch (state.status) {
    case 'online':
      return <Badge color="green">Online</Badge>
    case 'offline':
      return <Badge color="gray">Offline</Badge>
    case 'syncing':
      return <Badge color="blue">Syncing {state.progress}%</Badge>
    case 'error':
      return <Badge color="red">{state.message}</Badge>
  }
}

async function saveNote(note: Note) {
  // 1. Update local state immediately
  localStore.save(note)
  updateUI(note)

  // 2. Queue for sync
  syncQueue.add({
    type: 'save_note',
    data: note,
    timestamp: Date.now()
  })

  // 3. Attempt sync (may fail if offline)
  try {
    await syncQueue.flush()
  } catch (e) {
    // Changes are persisted locally, will sync later
    console.log('Queued for later sync')
  }
}

from cryptography.fernet import Fernet
from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import hashes
from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.kdf.pbkdf2 import PBKDF2HMAC
import base64

def derive_key(password: str, salt: bytes) -> bytes:
    """Derive encryption key from user password."""
    kdf = PBKDF2HMAC(
        algorithm=hashes.SHA256(),
        length=32,
        salt=salt,
        iterations=480000,
    )
    return base64.urlsafe_b64encode(kdf.derive(password.encode()))

def encrypt_document(doc: dict, key: bytes) -> bytes:
    """Encrypt document for storage/sync."""
    f = Fernet(key)
    return f.encrypt(json.dumps(doc).encode())

local-notes/
├── src/
│   ├── db/
│   │   ├── schema.sql
│   │   └── migrations/
│   ├── sync/
│   │   ├── crdt.py
│   │   └── protocol.py
│   ├── ui/
│   │   └── app.py
│   └── main.py
├── tests/
└── requirements.txt

-- Notes table with CRDT metadata
CREATE TABLE notes (
    id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
    title TEXT NOT NULL,
    content TEXT,
    created_at INTEGER NOT NULL,
    updated_at INTEGER NOT NULL,
    vector_clock TEXT,  -- JSON encoded
    deleted INTEGER DEFAULT 0
);

-- Pending sync operations
CREATE TABLE sync_queue (
    id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,
    operation TEXT NOT NULL,
    data TEXT NOT NULL,
    created_at INTEGER NOT NULL,
    synced INTEGER DEFAULT 0
);

-- Track sync state
CREATE TABLE sync_state (
    key TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
    value TEXT
);

import sqlite3
import json
import uuid
from datetime import datetime
from dataclasses import dataclass, asdict

@dataclass
class Note:
    id: str
    title: str
    content: str
    created_at: int
    updated_at: int
    vector_clock: dict
    deleted: bool = False

    @classmethod
    def create(cls, title: str, content: str = "") -> "Note":
        now = int(datetime.now().timestamp() * 1000)
        return cls(
            id=str(uuid.uuid4()),
            title=title,
            content=content,
            created_at=now,
            updated_at=now,
            vector_clock={},
            deleted=False
        )

class NotesDatabase:
    def __init__(self, db_path: str = "notes.db"):
        self.conn = sqlite3.connect(db_path)
        self.conn.row_factory = sqlite3.Row
        self._init_schema()

    def _init_schema(self):
        self.conn.executescript("""
            CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS notes (
                id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
                title TEXT NOT NULL,
                content TEXT,
                created_at INTEGER NOT NULL,
                updated_at INTEGER NOT NULL,
                vector_clock TEXT,
                deleted INTEGER DEFAULT 0
            );
        """)
        self.conn.commit()

    def save(self, note: Note) -> None:
        self.conn.execute("""
            INSERT OR REPLACE INTO notes
            (id, title, content, created_at, updated_at, vector_clock, deleted)
            VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
        """, (
            note.id, note.title, note.content,
            note.created_at, note.updated_at,
            json.dumps(note.vector_clock),
            1 if note.deleted else 0
        ))
        self.conn.commit()

    def get(self, note_id: str) -> Note | None:
        row = self.conn.execute(
            "SELECT * FROM notes WHERE id = ?", (note_id,)
        ).fetchone()
        if row:
            return Note(
                id=row["id"],
                title=row["title"],
                content=row["content"],
                created_at=row["created_at"],
                updated_at=row["updated_at"],
                vector_clock=json.loads(row["vector_clock"] or "{}"),
                deleted=bool(row["deleted"])
            )
        return None

    def list_active(self) -> list[Note]:
        rows = self.conn.execute(
            "SELECT * FROM notes WHERE deleted = 0 ORDER BY updated_at DESC"
        ).fetchall()
        return [
            Note(
                id=row["id"],
                title=row["title"],
                content=row["content"],
                created_at=row["created_at"],
                updated_at=row["updated_at"],
                vector_clock=json.loads(row["vector_clock"] or "{}"),
                deleted=False
            )
            for row in rows
        ]